美洲黑杨×甜杨亲子无性系遗传参数估算

利用甜杨种源内７个雄性个体分别同一雌性美洲黑杨杂交，对其杂种苗进行生长、分枝和物候特性等多个性状的遗传行为研究，同时，估测了亲本、家系和无性系各性状的遗传参数。结果表明，各种性状在亲本、家系（除分枝角外）和全同胞无性系间差异明显；亲本间的差异比家系间的大。各性状的广义遗传力均高而显著。生长性状间、物候性状间、物候期和生长性状间都存在着高度的遗传相关。在家系间，分枝角这一性状与其它性状是相互独立的，遗传相关程度很弱。在预见性育种时，可以在很大程度上根据亲本性状控制的遗传行为作为选择亲本的主要依据。     

突尼斯三个油橄榄品种开花生物学的研究

对３个油橄榄品种（Ｃｈｅｔｏｕｉ，Ｐｉｃｈｏｌｉｎｅｍａｒｏｃａｉｎｅ和Ｏｌｉｖｉｅｒａ）开花生物学的研究表明：在盛花期后的第二至第六周间有一幼果脱落高峰，该高峰与幼果从初生长高峰相吻合．这证实的果的大量脱落与果实间的竞争有关．统计结果显示：盛花期各个品种单位花序之结果数相差很大，但收获时这一参数却趋于同一；相反，收获时各品种结实花序的留存率却相差甚大，这说明品种间结实能力差异极大．控制授粉试验表现：品种Ｃｈｅｔｏｕｉ具有一定程度的自花不孕性．     

Optimizing Design of Planar Transformers Based on Integrated Software Platform

A method of optimizing planar transformers' design based on integrated software platform iSIGHT is presented.Through integrating the circuit simulation tool Saber and Maxwell 3D to the optimization tool iSIGHT,the parasitic effects on planar transformers are studied carefully.Changing the thickness of the insulator layer between the primary and the secondary can obtain different values of parasitic parameters and a new method to avoid parasitic oscillations with dangerous high voltage spikes to improve the SMPS performance is established.Hence an optimal design of planar transformer is obtained.The final optimal simulation analysis results verify the correctness of above theoretical study.     

Optimization of Structure Parameters for Self Recirculation Burner

In the paper,the relationship between the structure parameters and P V characteristics and recirculation ratio of the burner are studied by the simulated experiment of a self recirculation burner.The optimum structure parameters of the burner are analysed and tested in the cases that the produced recirculation amaunt of optimal controlled NO x consumpting the lowest energy can be ensured.     

Experimental Study about Activated Water Generated by Electro-hy draulic Impulse Improving the Mechanical Performance of Concrete

A new good idea named Electro-hydraulic Impulse is described in the paper. Electro-hydraulic impulse is a process which integrates strong electrical field, strong magnetic field, ultrasonic wave, radiation of light and cavitation. With it, a kind of water named strongly polar activated water is generated. Using strongly polar activated water to make concrete blocks, the mechanical performance of concrete can be improved greatly. With the proper parameters, the compression strength of concrete can be increased by 48% percent. This has been proved by some experiments.     

INTRODUCTION TO A NEW AUTOPROGRAMMING SYSTEM FOR NC LATHE

This paper deals with the BCH autoprogramming system based on the principle of "representing shap with numbers", With this system, the organization of turning process can be accomplished by inputting only some codes and a few characteristic parameters, and the NC block instructions to control the NC lathe via control unit can be output in turn so that it is possible to write a part program at the shop floor which is benifitian for developing a new programming method to be used in a multistage computer manage system with communicating interface.     

胡麻主要经济性状遗传参数的研究

本文估算了胡麻主要经济性状的广义遗传力、遗传相关系数、遗传进度和选择指数等遗传参数.结果表明;千粒重、株高、工艺长度的遗传力、遗传进度较高,遗传变异系数较大,在早代进行一次选择即可;每果着粒、开花期的遗传力和遗传进度也较高,而变异系数较小.对其也应加强早代选择,并加大选择群体;单株粒数、主茎分枝的遗传力和遗传进度中等,应进行几代连续选择;单株粒重、单株结果的遗传参数值均较小,直接选择效果差,可通过显著相关的性状进行间接选择.特别是对于单株粒重,还可以用相对效率高的选择指数进行间接选择.     

Barley genotype expressing “stay-green”-like characteristics maintains starch quality of the grain during water stress condition

The identification of “stay-green” in sorghum and its positive correlation with yield increases has encouraged attempts to incorporate “stay-green”-like traits into the genomes of other commercially important cereal crops. However, knowledge on the effects of “stay-green” expression on grain quality under extreme physiological stress is limited. This study examines impacts of “stay-green”-like expression on starch biosynthesis in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain under mild, severe, and acute water stress conditions induced at anthesis. The proportions of long amylopectin branches and amylose branches in the grain of Flagship (a cultivar without “stay-green”-like characteristics) were higher at low water stress, suggesting that water stress affects starch biosynthesis in grain, probably due to early termination of grain fill. The changes in long branches can affect starch properties, such as the rates of enzymatic degradation, and hence its nutritional value. By contrast, grain from the “stay-green”-like cultivar (ND24260) did not show variation in starch molecular structure under the different water stress levels. The results indicate that the cultivar with “stay-green”-like traits has a greater potential to maintain starch biosynthesis and quality in grain during drought conditions, making the “stay-green”-like traits potentially useful in ensuring food security.     

Testing the performance of ORYZA1, an explanatory model for rice growth simulation, for Mediterranean conditions

ORYZA1 is an explanatory model to simulate rice growth, development and leaf area index (LAI) under potential production. The present study aims at testing the performance of ORYZA1 for Mediterranean conditions (farming practices, cultivars, weather) for fully irrigated direct-seeded rice. ORYZA1 was calibrated and validated with field data of two cultivars, a short-grain (Tebre) and a long-grain cultivar ( -202), grown in various years in the Ebro Delta of Spain. Phenological development of the rice crop, daily dry matter production and leaf area development were calibrated. Tebre and L-202 had no significant differences in the total length of the development period. The pre-heading period, however, was longer and the post-heading period shorter in L-202 than in Tebre. This induced differences in translocation characteristics, spikelet number per unit area, weight of the grains and harvest index. The following crop characteristics were similar between cultivars: extinction coefficient (increased with development stage), dynamics of nitrogen distribution, partitioning of assimilates, relative death rate of leaves, relative growth rate of leaf area during exponential growth, specific leaf area and a strongly decreasing specific stem green area. The simulated curve fitted much better the observations, which was clear from a strongly reduced value of RMSE, when considering that LAI comprises the leaf blade area only, without a photosynthetic contribution by stem green area. The model simulated rice growth very accurately until flowering. After flowering, however, divergences appeared and increased especially at the yellow ripe stage. From then on the crop did not grow much more, whereas it continued in the simulation. This reduction of growth rate was usually accompanied by an increase in the relative death rate of leaves and the drying of the grains. The main source of error may be a limited understanding of the ripening and sink limitation processes. A considerable yield gap between potential and observed yield remained. A climatic variability assessment over 10 years, from 1987 to 1996, showed a small but correlated variation (r=0.7) in both simulated and measured rice yields.